Tököl is the oldest settlement on Csepel Island. It was already used as a summer residence by the conquering Hungarians, and according to some assumptions, the settlement owes its name to them. Today, Tököl has more than 10 thousand inhabitants, but the population of the settlement is constantly growing. Thanks to its excellent infrastructure and the fact that this lively city has traditionally been the home of many clans.
From church estate to diverse settlement
The area of Tököl has been continuously inhabited since the Stone Age. Although the Romans did not establish a permanent settlement here due to the floodplain nature of the area, this area was a popular summer residence for the conquering Hungarians. So much so that according to some assumptions, the town itself was named after Prince Árpád's stableman. (According to other historians, the stableman's name was Csepel, and the name of the town of Tököl was related to the word perfect.)
Throughout its history, the settlement has always had a privileged position compared to the surrounding villages. First during the reign of László IV (Cuman), who in 1280 donated the settlement to his sister, Elizabeth, and through her to the nuns of Nyulak Island. Being a church estate, Tököl enjoyed tax exemption in the following times, which continued even after the collapse of the Árpád dynasty.
Presumably due to its tax exemption, the settlement became a significant center for contemporary craftsmen by the 15th century. Its population grew steadily in the following times, so that in the 16th century it was granted market town status and even became a popular summer residence for the children of the royal family.
Although its importance declined during the Turkish occupation, and the area was even completely depopulated for a while, after the reunification of the country it was able to shine in its former glory again. The area and the entire island were donated to Prince Eugene of Savoy at the end of the 17th century. Under his German name, Prinz Eugen, he invited Catholic German settlers here on favorable terms to rebuild and populate the once bustling market town. Catholic Racas also arrived at the same time, who had a fundamental impact on the cultural life of the community. Today, 1,200 Croatian (Sokác, Bunyevac) and 300 German families live in this diverse and flourishing settlement, which has been proud of its city status since 2001.

A gorge memorial to the flood
Despite its favorable location, the prosperity of the town of Tököl was not uninterrupted. One of the most serious disasters in the life of the settlement was the Tököl flood of 1876, when the glacial flood almost completely submerged the central part of Csepel Island.
Following the great Danube flood of 1838, only after the compromise could the Danube regulation works begin. Initially, however, these were limited to the capital area. As a result of the closure of the Soroksári Danube branch – which the engineers expected to prevent the formation of ice jams – the water level rose by nearly 70 centimeters, so that a so-called ice jam formed at the islands of Kácsás and Bezdán, located not far from the city of Ercsi. As a result, the water level – threatening the entire Budapest area – rose even further compared to before.
While the capital managed to escape the devastating flood, because the subsidence had begun, Csepel Island could not avoid the disaster. It was probably at this time that the Tököl embankment broke through the ice plug above Kácsás Island, thus saving Budapest. On the other hand, in Tököl and its surroundings, the water covered everything up to a height of 100 meters, and its residents - according to the lessons learned by historians - used boats to get around the one-street settlement. The restoration of the damage took many months. Fortunately, today, due to the regulation of the Danube, Tököl is much less of an area at risk from flooding. However, the mouth of the Szigetcsép Gorge, which was formed as a result of the disaster, is still Hungary's largest flood memorial site.
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